{"id":10835,"date":"2026-06-04T11:25:32","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/?p=10835"},"modified":"2026-07-23T15:20:36","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T13:20:36","slug":"technical-glossary-of-industrial-liquid-filling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/technical-glossary-of-industrial-liquid-filling\/","title":{"rendered":"Technical glossary of industrial liquid filling"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Contents<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#atex\">ATEX<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ball-valve\">Ball valve nozzle<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cip\">CIP \/ Clean-in-place<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#corrosive\">Corrosive \/ Chlorinated<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#diving-nozzle\">Diving nozzle<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dosing-cleanliness\">Dosing cleanliness<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#flap-nozzle\">Flap nozzle<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#fluid\">Fluid \/ Free-flowing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#foaming\">Foaming<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gravity\">Gravity dosing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#hygroscopic\">Hygroscopic<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ipfa\">IPFA<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#legal-metrology\">Legal metrology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#liquid-particles\">Liquid with particles<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mechanical-piston\">Mechanical piston<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#constant-level\">Net constant-level filling<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#pneumatic-piston\">Pneumatic piston<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#spout-nozzle\">Spout nozzle<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#viscosity\">Viscosity<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#volumetric\">Volumetric dosing<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#weight-based\">Weight-based dosing<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"atex\">ATEX<\/h2>\n<p>An ATEX zone is an area in which an explosive atmosphere may form, due to the presence of flammable vapours, gases, or airborne dust.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>In an ATEX zone, all electrical and non-electrical equipment that could act as an ignition source must comply with the applicable technical requirements. Non-compliance creates major risks for personnel and facilities. Certain flammable or volatile liquids require the production area to be classified as ATEX.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Select ATEX-certified equipment designed to eliminate all ignition sources (motors, wiring, electronic components). Install appropriate ventilation to prevent vapour accumulation. Precisely define the zone classification (zone 0, 1 or 2 for gases; zone 20, 21 or 22 for dusts) before specifying equipment.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Filling of solvents, alcohols, petroleum-based products, or any liquid with a low flash point.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ball-valve\">Ball valve nozzle<\/h2>\n<p>A ball valve nozzle is a filling nozzle fitted with a rotating element (the ball) that mechanically cuts the thread of viscous liquid at the end of the dosing cycle.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>For highly viscous liquids, neither the simple flap nor the gasket flap nozzle can cleanly cut the thread at the end of dosing. The ball valve solves this problem: its rotation severs the thread sharply, without contaminating the packaging or reducing throughput when correctly slaved to the dosing cycle.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Prefer mechanical actuation over pneumatic actuation for the most viscous products: pneumatic actuation may lack the force to cut the thread cleanly. Allow for a longer disassembly time compared to a flap nozzle, due to the number of mechanical components. The presence of gaskets means the nozzle cannot be autoclaved as-is. More information: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/filling-of-viscous-product\/\">filling viscous products<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Creamy honey, thick jams, cosmetic gels, adhesives, food pastes.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cip\">CIP \/ Clean-in-place<\/h2>\n<p>Clean-in-place (CIP) is a cleaning process for production equipment that does not require disassembly. Cleaning liquid circulates through the circuits in contact with the product, cleaning them in place.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>On a liquid filling line, cleaning time between production runs (product changeover, end of batch) represents a significant operational cost. Without CIP, cleaning requires complete disassembly of all product-contact parts, which is time-consuming and labour-intensive. CIP reduces downtime and limits the risks associated with handling the product (corrosive or hazardous liquids).<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Specify CIP compatibility from the outset in the specification, including the cleaning agents used, washing temperatures, and pressures. MOM automatic filling machines are CIP-compatible regardless of the piston technology selected. A recovery tray under the machine significantly reduces cleaning time in the event of a line incident.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Food industry (recipe changeovers), pharmaceuticals (cleaning process validation), chemical industry (corrosive or hazardous products).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"corrosive\">Corrosive \/ Chlorinated<\/h2>\n<p>A corrosive liquid is a liquid whose chemical composition attacks or degrades the materials it contacts: stainless steel, gaskets, polymers. Chlorinated products are the most common case in industry.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Chlorine is one of the main enemies of stainless steel: it causes pitting corrosion that progressively deteriorates product-contact surfaces. Chlorine vapours also attack unprotected metal parts in the vicinity of the machine. Corrosion modifies mechanical clearances, reduces dosing accuracy, and shortens equipment service life.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Use machines built in <strong>PVC<\/strong> for product-contact parts. For unavoidable metal components, apply an <strong>epoxy paint<\/strong> treatment. Replace steel fasteners with inert material screws (e.g. PEEK) or protect them with plastic caps. Install a <strong>drip tray<\/strong> under the machine to protect operators, floors, and the environment. Prefer cone-bottom tanks to eliminate product retention zones.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Bleach, chlorinated detergents, acids, bases, pool disinfection products, industrial cleaners.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"diving-nozzle\">Diving nozzle<\/h2>\n<p>A diving nozzle (also called a bottom-up filling nozzle) is a filling nozzle that descends inside the packaging before filling begins and rises progressively during dosing in order to prevent foam formation.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>By filling from the bottom, the liquid does not fall freely and generates little foam. However, this method has several drawbacks: it reduces throughput (time required to lower and raise the nozzle), requires precise adjustments at each format changeover (upper position, lower position, movement speed, flow rate), and carries a cross-contamination risk: if the packaging is contaminated, the nozzle touches that contamination and may carry it to subsequent units.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Reserve the diving nozzle for cases where screen or spout nozzles are insufficient. Specify format changeover times in the specification to anticipate the operational impact. In pharmaceutical and food industries, prefer spout nozzles to eliminate cross-contamination risk.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Extremely foaming products in small bottles, certain chemicals, applications where laminar flow alone is insufficient.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dosing-cleanliness\">Dosing cleanliness<\/h2>\n<p>Dosing cleanliness refers to a filling machine&#8217;s ability to dose without generating contamination on the packaging or in the filling area. It is defined by three criteria: no drips, no threads, and no overflowing foam.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Poor dosing cleanliness has several consequences: contaminated packaging (unacceptable to the consumer), capping problems (cap slipping, poor seal due to product on the thread), production area contamination, and line stoppages for cleaning. Dosing cleanliness is a selection criterion as important as accuracy or throughput.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Dosing cleanliness depends on three combined factors: the choice of dosing technology, the choice of nozzle suited to the product, and validation through trials on real products and real packaging. An unsuitable nozzle (e.g. a screen nozzle on a viscous product) will systematically produce threads regardless of machine settings.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>All sectors are concerned: dosing cleanliness is a universal criterion in industrial liquid filling.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"flap-nozzle\">Flap nozzle<\/h2>\n<p>A flap nozzle is a filling nozzle whose opening and closing are controlled by a flap. There are two variants: the simple flap nozzle (no gasket) and the gasket flap nozzle.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>The <strong>simple flap nozzle<\/strong> seals by metal-to-metal contact. The absence of a gasket simplifies cleaning and allows autoclaving without disassembly. It requires a very precise surface finish to prevent residual flow. The <strong>gasket flap nozzle<\/strong> uses a sealing gasket to compensate for the viscosity of the liquid, which would prevent a simple flap from returning to its seat. It is compatible with liquids containing small particles.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Choose the simple flap nozzle for fluid liquids requiring frequent cleaning or autoclaving. Choose the gasket flap nozzle for semi-viscous or lightly loaded liquids. In both cases, the geometry and surface finish of the seat are critical for dosing cleanliness.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Simple flap: water, solvents, liquid pharmaceutical products. Gasket flap: syrups, certain food oils, fluid cosmetics.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"fluid\">Fluid \/ Free-flowing<\/h2>\n<p>A fluid liquid is a liquid that flows very easily under gravity, with a viscosity close to that of water (around 10\u207b\u00b3 Pa.s at room temperature). A wetting liquid is a fluid liquid that has a strong tendency to spread across surfaces.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Highly fluid liquids flow easily, but this fluidity creates a drip risk at the end of dosing. The drip falls on the packaging, the neck, or the thread, and can cause contamination, capping problems (slipping cap, poor seal), or soiling of the filling area. Wetting liquids amplify this problem by spreading across every surface they touch.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Select a simple flap nozzle with a precisely machined metal-to-metal seal to prevent any residual flow. Work on the dosing deceleration curve to limit liquid inertia at the end of the cycle. For wetting liquids, verify the compatibility of nozzle materials with the product.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Water, solvents, alcohols, light oils, liquid pharmaceutical solutions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"foaming\">Foaming<\/h2>\n<p>A foaming liquid is a liquid that generates foam during dosing, particularly when it comes into contact with air or is subjected to mechanical agitation (free fall, turbulence at the nozzle outlet).<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Foam takes up volume inside the packaging without contributing product mass. If not managed, it overflows from the bottle, soils the outside of the packaging and the neck, disrupts capping (bouchage, crimping), and distorts the actual dose delivered. <strong>Dosing cleanliness<\/strong> refers to a machine&#8217;s ability to fill without generating foam, drips, or threads.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Select a nozzle matched to the product&#8217;s foaming tendency: a <a href=\"#spout-nozzle\">spout nozzle<\/a> as a first choice, or a <a href=\"#diving-nozzle\">diving nozzle<\/a> for the most extreme cases. Avoid screen nozzles for viscous products (thread risk). Validate product behaviour during trials on real products and real packaging. More information: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/foaming-product-filling\/\">filling foaming products<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Detergents, dishwashing liquids, cleaning products, shampoos, beers and carbonated drinks, certain liquid food products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"gravity\">Gravity dosing<\/h2>\n<p>Gravity dosing is a filling method in which the liquid flows naturally into the packaging under the effect of gravity, without any mechanical push system.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Gravity dosing is the simplest and least expensive method to implement. It is limited to liquids that are fluid enough to flow continuously and consistently. Dosing accuracy depends directly on the liquid pressure at the nozzle outlet, which in turn depends on the liquid level in the supply tank. A variation in tank level causes a variation in flow rate and therefore in dose.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>To maintain constant pressure, use a constant-level tank or a regulated transfer pump. Add a weighing system or flow meter to correct drift in real time. For liquids whose viscosity varies or where accuracy is critical, prefer volumetric or weight-based dosing.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Filling of water, light solvents, very fluid food liquids in large-format packaging.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"hygroscopic\">Hygroscopic<\/h2>\n<p>A hygroscopic liquid is a liquid that absorbs moisture from the surrounding air, which may alter its physical properties over time or during production.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Moisture absorption can cause the liquid&#8217;s viscosity to vary between the beginning and end of a batch, or from one batch to another. This variation modifies product behaviour during dosing: a liquid that thickens by absorbing moisture may begin to form threads at the end of the cycle when it did not do so at the start of production. Dosing repeatability may be affected.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Work in a controlled-humidity environment wherever possible. Specify the product&#8217;s viscosity at defined temperature and humidity conditions. Where variability is unavoidable, prefer weight-based dosing, which is less sensitive to viscosity variations than volumetric dosing.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Certain syrups, glycerine, concentrated saline solutions, hyaluronic acid-based cosmetic products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ipfa\">IPFA<\/h2>\n<p>An IPFA (automatic weighing instrument) is a weighing instrument that operates automatically within the meaning of European regulations. In liquid filling, it may take the form of a weight-based filler (DO) or a checkweigher (TRI).<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>A weight-based liquid filler subject to legal metrology undergoes an initial verification attesting to its compliance over a defined dosing range. These requirements cover in particular the maximum permissible errors, dosing accuracy, and repeatability. All MOM liquid filling machines can operate under legal metrology requirements.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Manufacturing and placing an IPFA on the market requires the machine builder to hold an EU type-examination certificate issued by a notified body (e.g. LNE in France). Equipment used under legal metrology must also undergo periodic verification.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Pre-packaged liquid products intended for sale to consumers, unit-dosed pharmaceutical products, applications subject to legal metrology.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"legal-metrology\">Legal metrology<\/h2>\n<p>Legal metrology covers the regulatory requirements and control procedures designed to protect consumers and ensure the accuracy of measurements used in commercial transactions.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Operators packaging liquids must implement procedures and controls to guarantee that the net volume or weight stated on the packaging corresponds to the quantity actually contained in the pre-packaged product.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Packers may:<br \/>\n\u2013 Implement statistical net weight controls using a non-automatic weighing instrument (NAWI).<br \/>\n\u2013 Use a weight-based filler subject to legal metrology (IPFA).<br \/>\n\u2013 Deploy an in-line checkweigher (IPFA) for systematic on-line control.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Pre-packaged liquid products intended for sale to consumers: beverages, household products, cosmetics, liquid food products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"liquid-particles\">Liquid with particles<\/h2>\n<p>A liquid with particles is a liquid containing solid particles in suspension: fragments, pieces, fibres, beads, or any other element whose size or density differs from that of the carrier liquid.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Suspended particles complicate dosing in several ways. They can block simple flap nozzles, whose mechanical clearances are precise. In volumetric dosing, the random distribution of particles within the dosed volume causes variability in the net mass. The larger or denser the particles, the more pronounced this effect.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Prefer <strong>weight-based dosing<\/strong>, which directly measures mass regardless of particle distribution. Choose a gasket flap nozzle, which is more tolerant of particles than a simple flap. Size the nozzle passage sections according to the maximum particle size to prevent any blockage.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Sauces with pieces, vinaigrettes, cosmetics with exfoliating beads, drinks with pulp, pharmaceutical suspensions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mechanical-piston\">Mechanical piston<\/h2>\n<p>A mechanical piston filler is a volumetric dosing machine in which the piston movement inside the cylinder is controlled by a cam, independently of the compressed air supply.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>The mechanical piston delivers more consistent and accurate dosing than a pneumatic piston, because its movement is determined by the cam geometry rather than by air network pressure. It is more robust and requires less maintenance. It is particularly suited to viscous and pasty products, for which the regularity of the push movement is critical for dosing cleanliness.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Prefer the mechanical piston for high added-value products, viscous liquids, or when dosing consistency is critical. The piston stroke within the cylinder defines the dose: the machine builder machines cylinders of the appropriate length and diameter for the target doses. More information: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/piston-dosing-mechanical-pneumatic\/\">mechanical or pneumatic piston dosing<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Honey, jams, cosmetic creams, gels, adhesives, semi-solid pharmaceutical products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"constant-level\">Net constant-level filling<\/h2>\n<p>Constant-level filling is a technology that fills the packaging up to a predefined level, identical for each container, regardless of the mass of product delivered.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Constant-level filling guarantees a uniform visual appearance across all packaging units in a given run. This is an important criterion for products sold in transparent bottles, where the fill level is visible to the consumer. However, if the liquid&#8217;s density varies from one batch to another, the net mass contained in the packaging may vary, which can create compliance issues under legal metrology.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Reserve constant-level filling for products with a stable, well-controlled density. For products subject to legal metrology or with variable density, prefer weight-based dosing. Combine both approaches when both visual appearance and mass accuracy are required.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Perfumery, cosmetics in transparent bottles, beverages in glass bottles, certain liquid pharmaceutical products.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"pneumatic-piston\">Pneumatic piston<\/h2>\n<p>A pneumatic piston filler is a volumetric dosing machine in which the piston movement is controlled by a compressed air cylinder.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>The pneumatic piston is less accurate than the mechanical piston because its performance depends directly on the stability and quality of the compressed air supply. A pressure variation in the network causes a variation in piston force and speed, which affects dosing repeatability. It consumes more energy than the mechanical piston and requires more maintenance.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>The pneumatic piston is suited to low added-value products or applications where initial cost is a primary constraint. Ensure a reliable, filtered compressed air supply. For high added-value products or accuracy-critical applications, prefer a <a href=\"#mechanical-piston\">mechanical piston<\/a>. More information: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/piston-dosing-mechanical-pneumatic\/\">mechanical or pneumatic piston dosing<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Semi-viscous household products, thick detergents, chemical products with moderate viscosity.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"spout-nozzle\">Spout nozzle<\/h2>\n<p>A spout nozzle is a filling nozzle fitted with a constriction (the spout) that reduces the liquid&#8217;s cross-sectional area at the nozzle outlet and converts turbulent flow into a diffuse, laminar stream.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>The laminar flow produced by the spout prevents foam formation inside the packaging. The capillary effect of the nozzle retains drips at the end of dosing, ensuring a clean container. It does not need to dive into the packaging: cross-contamination risk is therefore eliminated.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>The spout nozzle is the most advanced solution for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/foaming-product-filling\/\">filling foaming products<\/a>. It screws directly in place of another nozzle (plug &amp; play), with no additional adjustment. It is less expensive than a diving nozzle and does not reduce throughput.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Detergents, dishwashing liquids, hygiene products, household cleaners, beers and carbonated drinks.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"viscosity\">Viscosity<\/h2>\n<p>Viscosity measures a liquid&#8217;s resistance to flow. It characterises the liquid&#8217;s ability to deform under a mechanical stress. The unit most commonly used in filling projects is the pascal second (Pa.s).<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Viscosity is the most decisive parameter in selecting a dosing technology and a nozzle. A very fluid liquid (low viscosity) flows under gravity but generates drips. A highly viscous liquid does not flow on its own and requires a push system. For reference: water at room temperature has a viscosity of 10\u207b\u00b3 Pa.s, molasses around 10\u00b2 Pa.s, and bitumen around 10\u2078 Pa.s. Viscosity varies significantly with temperature: a product that is viscous when cold may become fluid when heated.<\/p>\n<h3>Solution<\/h3>\n<p>Always communicate the product&#8217;s viscosity <strong>at the filling temperature<\/strong> to the machine builder, not at room temperature. If viscosity varies significantly from one batch to another or during production, state this clearly in the specification. The builder will adapt the technology, nozzle, and machine parameters accordingly.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Fluid (\u2248 10\u207b\u00b3 Pa.s): water, solvents. Semi-viscous (10\u207b\u00b2 to 10\u2070 Pa.s): syrups, light oils. Viscous (10\u2070 to 10\u00b2 Pa.s): honey, thick shampoos, creams. Pasty (&gt; 10\u00b2 Pa.s): adhesives, food pastes, certain gels.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"volumetric\">Volumetric dosing<\/h2>\n<p>A machine performs volumetric dosing when the target corresponds to a volume of product to be delivered, defined by the piston stroke and cylinder diameter (piston dosing) or by another fixed-volume system.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Volumetric dosing operates at constant speed and achieves high throughput rates. It is particularly suited to homogeneous liquids with a stable density. It is generally faster than weight-based dosing.<\/p>\n<h3>Limitation<\/h3>\n<p>Repeatability in mass depends directly on the stability of the product&#8217;s density. If density varies from one batch to another (liquid with particles, hygroscopic product, formulation variability), the net mass delivered will also vary. Adding a post-dosing weighing system with trend correction limits this drift.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>High-speed filling lines, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products in small doses, products with a stable and well-controlled density.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"weight-based\">Weight-based dosing<\/h2>\n<p>A weight-based (ponderal) machine is equipped with a weighing system (load cell) that continuously measures the mass of the dosed product and stops filling when the target is reached.<\/p>\n<h3>Impact on filling<\/h3>\n<p>Weight-based dosing delivers very good accuracy and compensates for variations in product density or viscosity from one batch to another. It is particularly suited to liquids with particles, products with variable density, and applications subject to legal metrology. It generally operates in two phases: a fast phase at the start of the cycle, then a slower finishing phase to reach the target with precision.<\/p>\n<h3>Limitation<\/h3>\n<p>Weight-based dosing is generally slower than volumetric dosing. For very small doses, low-resolution load cells are sensitive to mechanical vibrations and air movements, which can affect weighing stability.<\/p>\n<h3>Typical industry cases<\/h3>\n<p>Food industry (sauces, oils, liquids with particles), pharmaceuticals, chemicals, any filling application subject to legal metrology.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>For further information on liquid filling, read our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mom-packaging.com\/en\/complete-guide-to-industrial-liquid-filling\/\">complete guide to industrial liquid filling<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>MOM Packaging supports manufacturers in more than 60 countries across Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Oceania, the Americas and East Asia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Contents ATEX Ball valve nozzle CIP \/ Clean-in-place Corrosive \/ Chlorinated Diving nozzle Dosing cleanliness Flap nozzle Fluid \/ Free-flowing Foaming Gravity dosing Hygroscopic IPFA Legal metrology Liquid with particles Mechanical piston Net constant-level filling Pneumatic piston Spout nozzle Viscosity Volumetric dosing Weight-based dosing &nbsp; ATEX An ATEX zone is an area in which an &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":10658,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-articles","category-fluid-foaming-viscous"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - 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